Explain each of the following types of survey: (i) cadastral survey; (ii) engineering survey; (iii) topographical survey; (iv) aerial survey.(8 marks)June/July 2020

(i) Cadastral survey: A cadastral survey is a survey that is conducted to establish, mark, and record the boundaries of a piece of land. It involves mapping the land and creating a record of the legal description, ownership, and use of the land. Cadastral surveys are often conducted in connection with the sale or transfer of land, or to resolve boundary disputes.

(ii) Engineering survey: An engineering survey is a survey that is conducted to gather data for the design, construction, and maintenance of engineering projects, such as roads, bridges, and buildings. It involves the measurement and mapping of physical features, such as the topography, soil conditions, and utilities, to provide information that is needed to plan and execute the project.

(iii) Topographical survey: A topographical survey is a survey that is conducted to create a detailed map of the features of a piece of land, including its natural and man-made features. It involves the measurement and mapping of the elevation, shape, and contours of the land, as well as the location of objects such as buildings, trees, and utilities.

(iv) Aerial survey: An aerial survey is a survey that is conducted from the air, using aircraft or other aerial platforms. It involves the collection of data from overhead photographs or other remote sensing methods, and is often used to create large-scale maps or to monitor and assess large areas of land. Aerial surveys can be used for a variety of purposes, including mapping, land use planning, resource management, and environmental monitoring.