Introduction to ICT questions

1. Security: One of the main challenges that organizations may face when using a Local Area Network (LAN) is security. LANs are connected to the internet and can be vulnerable to cyber-attacks such as hacking, malware, and viruses. Organizations must ensure that their LAN is protected by firewalls, anti-virus software, and other security measures to protect sensitive data and prevent unauthorized access.
2. Scalability: Another challenge that organizations may face when using a LAN is scalability. As the organization grows, the number of users and devices connected to the LAN may increase, leading to increased demand on the network’s resources. Organizations must plan for this growth and ensure that the LAN is able to handle the increased traffic, otherwise, it may lead to slow performance and network congestion.
3. Maintenance and Support: A third challenge that organizations may face when using a LAN is maintenance and support. LANs require regular maintenance and updates to ensure that they continue to function properly. Organizations must ensure that they have the necessary resources and expertise to maintain and support the LAN, or they may need to hire a third-party service provider to do so.

(i) Slide pane: The slide pane is a section of the application window in a presentation software that displays the slides of the presentation in a thumbnail format. It allows the user to navigate through the presentation, preview the slides, and make changes to the slide layout, design, and content. The user can also use this pane to reorder the slides, add new slides, or delete existing slides.

(ii) Status bar: The status bar is a section of the application window that displays various information about the presentation, such as the current slide number, the number of slides in the presentation, and the slide’s layout. It also includes buttons for common tasks such as saving the presentation and switching to different views. It also displays the current slide, the total number of slides, and the progress of the slide show.

(iii) Notes pane: The notes pane is a section of the application window in a presentation software that allows the user to add notes or comments to a slide. These notes are typically not visible during the presentation but are intended to serve as a reminder or reference for the presenter while giving a presentation. The notes pane is particularly useful for presenters who want to include additional information or explanations that won’t fit on the slide itself.

In summary, The slide pane allows navigation and editing of slides, the status bar provides information about the presentation and has shortcuts for tasks, and the notes pane allows the presenter to add notes to slides, which are not visible to the audience during the presentation.

(i) Data creation: The first stage of the data processing cycle is data creation, also known as data input or data entry. This is the process of collecting and entering raw data into the computer system. Data can be input manually, through the use of forms or input screens, or it can be imported from external sources such as spreadsheets or databases. The data can be entered by a human operator or by automated means such as barcode readers or electronic sensors.

(ii) Data preparation: After the data is entered, it goes through the data preparation stage, also known as data cleaning or data scrubbing. This is the process of reviewing, validating, and editing the data to ensure that it is accurate, complete, and consistent. Data preparation may involve tasks such as verifying data against source documents, removing duplicate entries, and correcting errors.

(iii) Sorting: The final stage in the data processing cycle is sorting. This is the process of arranging the data in a specific order, based on one or more criteria. Sorting can be used to organize data for analysis or reporting, to identify patterns or trends, or to make the data more easily searchable. Sorting can be done by using software tools or by using sorting algorithms. The data can be sorted by alphabetical order, numerical order, date order, etc.

In summary, data creation is the process of inputting raw data, data preparation is the process of reviewing and cleaning the data for accuracy, and sorting is the process of arranging the data in a specific order.

(i) Blog: A blog is a type of website that is regularly updated with new content, typically written in a personal or conversational style. Blogs are often maintained by an individual or a small group of people and can cover a wide range of topics, such as personal experiences, news, politics, or technology. Blogs typically include a section for comments, allowing readers to engage with the author and other readers.

(ii) Web portal: A web portal is a type of website that serves as a starting point or a gateway to other websites or services on the internet. A web portal typically includes a search engine, links to other websites, and various other features such as news, weather, email, and social media. Examples of web portals include Google, Yahoo, and MSN. These portals typically provide a wide range of services and information on one single website which can be accessed by the user instead of browsing multiple websites.

The system unit, also known as the tower or chassis, is the main part of a computer that houses the central processing unit (CPU), memory, and other internal components. It is the “brain” of the computer and is responsible for executing instructions and processing data.

Peripheral devices, on the other hand, are external devices that are connected to the computer to expand its functionality. Examples of peripheral devices include keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, scanner, and external hard drive. They provide additional input and output options for the computer and allow the user to interact with the computer in different ways, such as typing, pointing, and displaying information.

In summary, the system unit is the internal component that houses the CPU and other internal components, while peripheral devices are external components that connect to the system unit to expand its functionality.