(i) Define each of the following terms as applied in binary codes: (i) weighted binary codes; (ii) reflective codes; (iii) sequential codes; (3 marks)DICT MOD 1 July 2020

(i) Weighted binary codes are a type of binary code that assigns different weights or values to the digits (bits) in a binary number based on their position. In a weighted binary code, the value of each digit is determined by its position in the number. For example, in a binary number with a weight of 2, the rightmost digit (the least significant bit) has a value of 1, the next digit has a value of 2, the next has a value of 4, and so on. Weighted binary codes are often used to represent numeric values in computers and other digital systems.

(ii) Reflective codes are a type of error-detection code that uses a parity bit to detect errors in a transmitted message. In a reflective code, the parity bit is placed at the end of the message and is set to either 0 or 1 depending on the number of 1’s in the message. If the number of 1’s in the message is even, the parity bit is set to 0. If the number of 1’s in the message is odd, the parity bit is set to 1. When the message is received, the parity bit is checked to see if it is the same as the calculated parity. If the parity bit is not the same as the calculated parity, an error has occurred and the message must be re-transmitted.

(iii) Sequential codes are a type of code that assigns a unique code to each item in a set of items. In a sequential code, the codes are assigned in a specific order, usually based on the order in which the items were added to the set. Sequential codes are often used to uniquely identify items in a database or other data storage system.