Explain the meaning of the term ‘water hammer’. (2 marks)June/July 2020
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Water hammer is a phenomenon that occurs when a fluid, typically water, in a piping system is suddenly forced to stop or change direction. This sudden change in momentum can cause a shock wave or “hammer” effect that can damage pipes and fittings, as well as create loud noises. Water hammer can be caused by a variety of factors, including closing a valve too quickly, a pump suddenly stopping, or a change in the flow rate of the fluid. It is important to properly design and maintain piping systems to prevent water hammer, as it can cause damage to the system and be disruptive to those in the surrounding area