Explain the meaning of each of the following terms as used in Food Science and Nutrition: (a) hydrocarbon; (2 marks) (b) mastication. (2 marks)June/July 2020

(a) A hydrocarbon is a chemical compound made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms. It is a type of organic compound that is commonly found in fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas. In food science and nutrition, hydrocarbons may be used as a source of energy or as a component of food additives and preservatives.

(b) Mastication is the process of chewing food. It is an important step in the digestive process as it helps to break down food mechanically, making it easier to swallow and digest. Mastication also releases enzymes in the saliva that help to begin the process of digestion. In food science and nutrition, the process of mastication is often studied in order to understand how different foods and food textures affect the digestive process.