Explain each of the following functions of management: (i) planning; (ii) co-ordinating; (iii) controlling.(6 marks)June/July 2020

(i) Planning: Planning is the process of defining an organization’s goals and strategies, and developing a plan to achieve those goals. It involves identifying the resources that will be needed to achieve the goals, such as personnel, finances, and equipment. Planning helps to ensure that an organization is moving in the right direction and that resources are being used effectively.

(ii) Coordinating: Coordinating is the process of organizing and aligning the activities of different departments and individuals in an organization. It involves ensuring that all parts of the organization are working towards a common goal and that there is effective communication and cooperation between different units.

(iii) Controlling: Controlling is the process of monitoring and regulating the performance of an organization to ensure that it is meeting its goals. It involves setting performance standards, measuring actual performance, and taking corrective action when necessary. Controlling helps to ensure that an organization is operating efficiently and effectively.