Differences between hierarchical database model and the the network database model

The hierarchical database model and the network database model are two different approaches to organizing and structuring data in a database. While both models have their own advantages and disadvantages, there are several key differences between them, including:

1. Data organization: In the hierarchical database model, data is organized into a tree-like structure, with each record having a single parent record and zero or more child records. In contrast, the network database model allows records to have multiple parent and child records, creating a more flexible and interconnected structure.
2. Data access: In the hierarchical database model, data is accessed using a top-down approach, with users starting at the root of the tree and drilling down to the desired records. In contrast, the network database model allows users to access data from any point in the network, allowing for more flexible and direct access to records.
3. Data relationships: In the hierarchical database model, data relationships are strict and one-to-many, with each record having a single parent and zero or more children. In contrast, the network database model allows for more flexible and varied data relationships, including one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships.
4. Data integrity: In the hierarchical database model, data integrity is maintained by enforcing strict rules and constraints on data relationships. In contrast, the network database model allows for more flexibility in data relationships, but may require additional measures to ensure data integrity.