An inclined plane has a velocity ratio of 2 and efficiency of 95%. It is used to raise a load of 400 N. Determine the: i. mechanical advantage; ii. effort required. (4 marks)craft1 electrical June/July 2020

i. To solve this problem, we can use the formulas for mechanical advantage and efficiency:

Mechanical advantage = Output force / Input force

Efficiency = (Output work) / (Input work)

First, we can use the given velocity ratio to calculate the mechanical advantage:

Mechanical advantage = (Output distance) / (Input distance) = 2

Since the mechanical advantage is equal to the velocity ratio, we can conclude that the output distance is twice the input distance.

ii. Next, we can use the given efficiency to calculate the input work:

Input work = Output work / Efficiency = (Output force * Output distance) / Efficiency

Substituting the values given in the problem, we get:

Input work = (400 N * Output distance) / 0.95

Since the output distance is twice the input distance, we can substitute 2 * Input distance for Output distance:

Input work = (400 N * 2 * Input distance) / 0.95

Solving for the input distance, we get:

Input distance = Input work / (400 N * 2 / 0.95) = 509.2 m

The input distance is equal to the input force applied to the inclined plane, so the input force is 509.2 N.

To calculate the effort required, we can use the formula for mechanical advantage:

Effort = Load / Mechanical advantage = 400 N / 2 = 200 N

The effort required to raise the load is 200 N.