Factors considered when selecting the site for a steam power plant and merits of the steam power plant

(i) List four factors considered when selecting the site for a steam power plant.
(ii) State four merits of the steam power plant (8 marks)

1. Availability of Water Supply:
   • A steam power plant requires a large quantity of water for steam generation and cooling purposes. Proximity to a reliable water source, such as a river, lake, or sea, is crucial.
2. Proximity to Fuel Supply:
   • The plant should be located near fuel sources, such as coal mines, oil refineries, or natural gas pipelines, to minimize transportation costs and ensure a steady supply of fuel.
3. Transportation Facilities:
   • Good transportation infrastructure, including roads, railways, and ports, is essential for transporting fuel, machinery, and other materials to and from the plant site.
4. Environmental and Regulatory Considerations:
   • The site must comply with environmental regulations and have measures in place to minimize pollution. Consideration of the impact on the local ecosystem and community is also important.

Merits of a Steam Power Plant:

1. High Efficiency:
   • Modern steam power plants are highly efficient in converting thermal energy into electrical energy, especially when using combined-cycle technology.
2. Ability to Use Various Fuels:
   • Steam power plants can operate on a variety of fuels, including coal, natural gas, oil, and biomass, providing flexibility in fuel choice and cost management.
3. Large-Scale Power Generation:
   • Steam power plants are capable of generating large amounts of electricity, making them suitable for meeting the high power demands of industrial and urban areas.
4. Reliable and Stable Power Supply:
   • Steam power plants provide a consistent and stable power supply, as they are not affected by weather conditions, unlike some renewable energy sources.