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Explain six characteristics of an effective control system in an organization. (9 marks)July 2020
Aligned with organizational goals - One characteristic of an effective control system in an organization is that it is aligned with the organization's goals. This means that the control system is designed to support the achievement of the organization's objectives, rather than conflicting with them.Read more
- Aligned with organizational goals – One characteristic of an effective control system in an organization is that it is aligned with the organization’s goals. This means that the control system is designed to support the achievement of the organization’s objectives, rather than conflicting with them.
- Flexible – Another characteristic of an effective control system is that it is flexible, meaning that it can adapt to changing circumstances and needs. This allows the control system to be effective in a range of situations and can help to ensure that it remains relevant and useful over time.
- Timely – An effective control system should also be timely, meaning that it provides information and feedback in a timely manner. This allows the organization to identify and address issues and problems as they arise, rather than waiting until it is too late to take corrective action.
- Accurate – An effective control system should also be accurate, meaning that it provides reliable and accurate information and feedback. This is important in order to ensure that the control system can be trusted and relied upon, and that it is not misleading or confusing.
- Comprehensive – An effective control system should be comprehensive, meaning that it covers all relevant areas and aspects of the organization. This can help to ensure that no important areas are overlooked, and that the control system is able to identify and address potential issues and problems.
- Simple and easy to use – Finally, an effective control system should be simple and easy to use, as this can help to ensure that it is widely adopted and used by employees and stakeholders. A control system that is overly complex or difficult to use may not be effective, as it may be ignored or avoided.
See less_ Explain four be benefits that an organization may get from implementing a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programme. (8 marks)July 2020
Improved reputation and brand image - One benefit of implementing a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programme is that it can improve an organization's reputation and brand image. By demonstrating a commitment to social and environmental issues, an organization can build trust and credibility wRead more
- Improved reputation and brand image – One benefit of implementing a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programme is that it can improve an organization’s reputation and brand image. By demonstrating a commitment to social and environmental issues, an organization can build trust and credibility with customers, employees, and other stakeholders.
- Increased customer loyalty – Another benefit of CSR is that it can increase customer loyalty. Customers are increasingly seeking out companies that align with their values and that demonstrate a commitment to social and environmental responsibility. By implementing a CSR programme, an organization can attract and retain customers who are looking for companies that share their values.
- Enhanced employee morale and retention – CSR programmes can also enhance employee morale and retention by creating a sense of purpose and meaning in the work that employees do. When employees feel that their work is aligned with their values and is contributing to the greater good, they may be more motivated and engaged, which can lead to improved performance and retention.
- Improved financial performance – Finally, research has shown that organizations with strong CSR programmes may experience improved financial performance. This may be due to a variety of factors, such as increased customer loyalty, reduced risk, and improved employee productivity. By implementing a CSR programme, an organization may be able to achieve long-term financial benefits.
See lessoutline advantages of using the line organization structure in a firm. (9 marks)July 2020
Clear chain of command - One advantage of using the line organization structure in a firm is that it provides a clear chain of command, with each level of the organization having a specific role and responsibility. This can make it easier for employees to understand their place in the organization aRead more
- Clear chain of command – One advantage of using the line organization structure in a firm is that it provides a clear chain of command, with each level of the organization having a specific role and responsibility. This can make it easier for employees to understand their place in the organization and their role in achieving the company’s goals.
- Efficient decision-making – The line organization structure can also facilitate efficient decision-making, as decisions are made by those who are closest to the action and have the most relevant knowledge and expertise. This can allow for quick decision-making and can also help to ensure that decisions are based on accurate and up-to-date information.
- Specialized roles and responsibilities – The line organization structure can also help to facilitate specialization, as employees are typically assigned specific roles and responsibilities based on their skills and expertise. This can help to optimize the use of resources and can also help to improve efficiency and productivity.
- Easy to understand and communicate – The line organization structure is also relatively simple and easy to understand, which can make it easier for employees and stakeholders to communicate and collaborate.
- Strong control and coordination – The line organization structure also allows for strong control and coordination, as each level of the organization is directly responsible for the activities and performance of the level below it. This can help to ensure that tasks are completed on time and to the required standards.
- Cost-effective – Finally, the line organization structure can be cost-effective, as it tends to be simpler and more streamlined than other organizational structures. This can help to reduce overhead costs and increase profitability.
See lessKazi Limited intends to install a biometric system to replace the manual one used to monitor employees in the organization. Outline six ways in which the management may ensure the employees do not resist this move. (9 marks)July 2020
Communicate the rationale and benefits - One way to ensure that employees do not resist the move to a biometric system is to clearly communicate the rationale and benefits to them. This may involve explaining the reasons for the change, such as increased security or efficiency, and highlighting theRead more
- Communicate the rationale and benefits – One way to ensure that employees do not resist the move to a biometric system is to clearly communicate the rationale and benefits to them. This may involve explaining the reasons for the change, such as increased security or efficiency, and highlighting the benefits that the new system will provide for employees and the organization as a whole.
- Involve employees in the decision-making process – Another way to reduce resistance to the biometric system is to involve employees in the decision-making process. This may involve soliciting their feedback and input on the system and its implementation, and incorporating their ideas and concerns into the final plan.
- Provide training and support – To ensure that employees are comfortable and confident using the biometric system, it is important to provide them with training and support. This may include training sessions and user manuals to help employees understand how to use the system, as well as a support hotline or email address for employees to contact with questions or issues.
- Address any concerns or objections – If employees have concerns or objections about the biometric system, it is important to address these in a timely and respectful manner. This may involve answering questions, addressing any misinformation, and offering reassurances about privacy and security.
- Offer incentives for adoption – Another way to encourage employees to adopt the biometric system is to offer incentives for using it. This may include rewards or recognition for employees who are quick to adopt the new system, or incentives for teams or departments that achieve high levels of usage.
- Gradually phase in the system – To minimize resistance to the biometric system, it may be helpful to gradually phase it in, rather than implementing it all at once. This can allow employees to become familiar with the system at their own pace, and can also give the organization time to address any issues or challenges that may arise during the transition.
See lessList three non-budgetary Control tools that may be used in an organization. (3 marks)July 2020
Key performance indicators (KPIs) - One non-budgetary control tool that may be used in an organization is key performance indicators (KPIs). These are specific metrics or targets that are used to measure the performance of an organization or a particular function or process. By tracking and analyzinRead more
- Key performance indicators (KPIs) – One non-budgetary control tool that may be used in an organization is key performance indicators (KPIs). These are specific metrics or targets that are used to measure the performance of an organization or a particular function or process. By tracking and analyzing these metrics, organizations can identify areas of strength and weakness and make improvements as needed.
- Benchmarking – Another non-budgetary control tool that may be used in an organization is benchmarking, which involves comparing the organization’s performance against that of other organizations in the same industry or sector. This can provide valuable insights into best practices and areas for improvement.
- Quality control processes – A third non-budgetary control tool that may be used in an organization is quality control processes, which are systems and procedures that are put in place to ensure that products or services meet certain standards of quality. These processes may include testing, inspections, and quality checks at various stages of the production or delivery process.
See lessList three internal factors that may affect the operations of a business organization, (3 marks)July 2020
Organizational culture - One internal factor that may affect the operations of a business organization is organizational culture, which refers to the values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape the way the organization operates. A strong organizational culture can foster a positive and productive workRead more
- Organizational culture – One internal factor that may affect the operations of a business organization is organizational culture, which refers to the values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape the way the organization operates. A strong organizational culture can foster a positive and productive work environment, but a negative or unhealthy culture can lead to conflicts and other issues that can disrupt operations.
- Leadership and management – Another internal factor that may affect the operations of a business organization is leadership and management. The quality and effectiveness of the organization’s leadership and management team can have a major impact on how smoothly and efficiently the organization operates.
- Employee morale and engagement – A third internal factor that may affect the operations of a business organization is employee morale and engagement. Employees who are motivated and engaged in their work are more likely to be productive and contribute to the success of the organization, while employees who are disengaged or unhappy may be less motivated and less productive.
See lessList three methods that may be used to gather information in a job analysis exercise. (3 marks)July 2020
Interviews - One method that may be used to gather information in a job analysis exercise is interviews. This can involve conducting structured or unstructured interviews with employees who perform the job, as well as with supervisors or other stakeholders. Surveys - Surveys can also be used to gathRead more
- Interviews – One method that may be used to gather information in a job analysis exercise is interviews. This can involve conducting structured or unstructured interviews with employees who perform the job, as well as with supervisors or other stakeholders.
- Surveys – Surveys can also be used to gather information in a job analysis exercise. This may involve distributing a questionnaire to employees or other stakeholders to gather data on the duties and responsibilities of the job, as well as the skills and knowledge required to perform it.
- Observation – Another method that may be used to gather information in a job analysis exercise is observation. This can involve watching employees perform the job and taking notes on the tasks and activities involved, as well as the tools and equipment used. Observation can also include reviewing job-related documents, such as job descriptions and performance evaluations.
See lessOutline four activities that ‘are carried out in the process of organizing. (4 marks)July 2020
Identifying and defining tasks - One activity that is carried out in the process of organizing is identifying and defining tasks that need to be completed in order to achieve the organization's goals. This may involve breaking down large projects into smaller, more manageable tasks, and determiningRead more
- Identifying and defining tasks – One activity that is carried out in the process of organizing is identifying and defining tasks that need to be completed in order to achieve the organization’s goals. This may involve breaking down large projects into smaller, more manageable tasks, and determining the specific responsibilities and roles of different employees or departments.
- Assigning tasks to individuals or teams – Another activity that is carried out in the process of organizing is assigning tasks to individuals or teams. This involves determining who is best suited to complete each task, based on their skills, experience, and expertise.
- Establishing relationships and communication channels – In the process of organizing, it is also important to establish relationships and communication channels among employees and departments in order to facilitate collaboration and coordination. This may involve creating organizational charts, establishing reporting lines, and setting up systems for communication and information sharing.
- Allocating resources – Another activity that is carried out in the process of organizing is allocating resources, such as time, money, and materials, in order to support the completion of tasks and achieve the organization’s goals. This may involve budgeting, forecasting, and identifying any additional resources that may be needed.
See lessList f three qial ties that a manager should possess according to Henry Fayol. (3 marks)July 2020
Technical skill - Technical skill refers to a manager's expertise and proficiency in a specific field or industry. This may include knowledge of specific technologies, processes, or techniques related to the organization's products or services. Human skill - Human skill refers to a manager's abilityRead more
- Technical skill – Technical skill refers to a manager’s expertise and proficiency in a specific field or industry. This may include knowledge of specific technologies, processes, or techniques related to the organization’s products or services.
- Human skill – Human skill refers to a manager’s ability to work effectively with and motivate employees. This includes the ability to communicate effectively, build relationships, and create a positive work environment.
- Conceptual skill – Conceptual skill refers to a manager’s ability to think critically and strategically, and to understand and analyze complex issues and situations. This includes the ability to think abstractly and to see the big picture, as well as the ability to analyze and solve problems
See lessState two sources from a business ethical standards may be derived. (2 marks)July 2020
Professional codes of conduct - One source of business ethical standards may be professional codes of conduct, which are guidelines or principles that outline the ethical responsibilities of professionals in a particular field or industry. These codes may be developed by professional associations, rRead more
- Professional codes of conduct – One source of business ethical standards may be professional codes of conduct, which are guidelines or principles that outline the ethical responsibilities of professionals in a particular field or industry. These codes may be developed by professional associations, regulatory bodies, or industry groups, and may cover topics such as confidentiality, integrity, professionalism, and social responsibility.
- Legal and regulatory frameworks – Another source of business ethical standards may be legal and regulatory frameworks, which are laws and regulations that establish ethical guidelines and requirements for businesses to follow. These frameworks may include laws governing issues such as consumer protection, fair competition, anti-corruption, and environmental protection, among others.
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