Solar Installation Question

i. Stratification:

Stratification refers to the separation of the different components of the electrolyte solution in a lead acid battery. This can occur when the battery is not used regularly or is not charged and discharged properly. Stratification can cause the battery to lose its ability to hold a charge and may lead to reduced performance and shortened lifespan.

ii. Sulphation:

Sulphation refers to the build-up of lead sulphate crystals on the surface of the lead plates inside a lead acid battery. This can occur when the battery is not charged regularly or is not charged properly, or when it is left in a discharged state for an extended period of time. Sulphation can cause the battery to lose its ability to hold a charge and may lead to reduced performance and shortened lifespan.

1. Visual inspection: This involves inspecting the physical components of the system, such as the wiring, control gear, and electrical panels, to ensure that they are properly installed and in good condition.
2. Continuity testing: This involves checking the continuity of the wiring and cables in the system to ensure that there are no breaks or faults.
3. Insulation resistance testing: This involves measuring the resistance of the insulation on the wires and cables in the system to ensure that it is sufficient to prevent electrical shocks and other hazards.
4. Earthing resistance testing: This involves measuring the resistance of the earthing system to ensure that it is sufficient to protect against electrical shocks and other hazards.
5. Voltage and current measurement: This involves measuring the voltage and current output of the solar panels and other components of the system to ensure that they are operating within the specified range.
6. Functionality testing: This involves testing the operation of the system under various conditions to ensure that it is functioning properly.

1. Photovoltaic conversion: This involves the use of solar panels to convert sunlight into electricity. Solar panels are made up of photovoltaic cells that use semiconductor materials to convert sunlight into electricity.
2. Solar thermal conversion: This involves the use of solar collectors to capture the sun’s heat and convert it into usable forms of energy, such as hot water or steam. Solar collectors can be used for heating water for domestic or industrial use, or for generating electricity through the use of a turbine.
3. Solar chemical conversion: This involves the use of solar energy to power chemical reactions that produce usable forms of energy, such as hydrogen or methanol.

i. Switches:

In a solar installation, switches are used to control the flow of electricity. They can be used to turn the system on or off, or to switch between different components in the system. For example, a switch might be used to turn a solar panel array on or off, or to switch between a battery bank and the grid.

ii. Lamps:

Lamps are used to provide lighting in a solar installation. They may be connected to a solar panel array or a battery bank, and can be turned on or off using switches or other control devices. Lamps can be used to provide general lighting, task lighting, or accent lighting, depending on the needs of the installation.

1. Overloaded electrical circuits: When electrical circuits are overloaded with too many appliances or devices, they can become overheated and spark a fire. This is especially common in older homes with outdated wiring systems that are not capable of handling the electrical demands of modern appliances.
2. Faulty electrical wiring or appliances: Wires that are damaged or frayed, or appliances that are malfunctioning or have been recalled for safety reasons, can also spark a fire.
3. Short circuits: A short circuit occurs when there is a break in the flow of electricity, often due to a damaged wire or a loose connection. This can cause an electrical current to travel through unintended paths, resulting in an electrical discharge that can ignite a fire.